F4: Selects the Go To A Different Folder
box and moves down the entries in
the box (if the toolbar is active in
Windows Explorer)
F5: Refreshes the current window.
F6: Moves among panes in Windows Explorer
CTRL + G: Opens the Go To Folder tool
(in Windows 95 Windows Explorer
only)
CTRL + Z: Undo the last command
CTRL + A: Select all the items in the current window
BACKSPACE: Switch to the parent folder
SHIFT + click + Close button: For
folders, close the current folder plus all
parent folders

Windows Explorer Tree Control:

Numeric Keypad *: Expands
everything under the current selection
Numeric Keypad +: Expands the
current selection
Numeric Keypad -: Collapses the
current selection. RIGHT ARROW: Expands the current
selection if it is not expanded,
otherwise goes to the first child
LEFT ARROW: Collapses the current
selection if it is expanded, otherwise
goes to the parent

Properties Control:

CTRL + TAB/CTRL + SHIFT + TAB: Move
through the property tabs

Accessibility Shortcuts:

Press SHIFT five times: Toggles
StickyKeys on and off
Press down and hold the right SHIFT
key for eight seconds: Toggles
FilterKeys on and off
Press down and hold the NUM LOCK key for five seconds: Toggles
ToggleKeys on and off
Left ALT + left SHIFT+NUM LOCK:
Toggles MouseKeys on and off
Left ALT + left SHIFT+PRINT SCREEN:
Toggles high contrast on and off

Press Win+L to switch to the Welcome
screen.
-----
Press Win+L to lock your workstation.
-----
You can switch users without going through the Welcome screen: From
Task Manager, go to the Users tab,
right-click a user, and select Connect.
-----
Hold down the shift key in the
shutdown dialog to change "Stand By" to "Hibernate". Or just press H to
hibernate instantly. You can even use
the Power Control Panel to configure
your power button to hibernate.
-----
To disable the password when resuming from standby or
hibernation, open the Power Control
Panel and uncheck "Prompt for
password after returning from
standby" on the Advanced tab.
-----
You can rename multiple files all at
once: Select a group of files, right-click
the first file, and select "Rename". Type
in a name for the first file, and the rest
will follow.
-----
Hold down the shift key when
switching to thumbnail view to hide
the file names. Do it again to bring
them back.
-----
When dragging a file in Explorer, you can control the operation that will be
performed when you release the
mouse button:

Hold the Control key to force a Copy.
Hold the Shift key to force a Move.

Hold the Alt key to force a Create
Shortcut.
-----
If you create a file called Folder.jpg,
that image will be used as the
thumbnail for the folder. What's more, that image will also be used as the
album art in Windows Media Player for
all media files in that folder.
-----
From the View Menu, select "Choose
Details" to select which file properties should be shown in the Explorer
window. To sort by a file property,
check its name in the "Choose Details"
in order to make that property
available in the "Arrange Icons by"
menu.
-----
To display the volume control icon in
the taskbar, go to the Sounds and
Audio Devices Control Panel and select
"Place volume icon in the taskbar".
-----
Hold down the shift key when deleting
a file to delete it immediately instead of
placing it in the Recycle Bin. Files
deleted in this way cannot be restored.
-----
If you hold down the shift key while clicking "No" in a Confirm File
Operation dialog, the response will be
interpreted as "No to All".
-----
To save a document with an extension
other than the one a program wants to use, enclose the entire name in
quotation marks. For example, if you
run Notepad and save a file under the
name

CODE
compmgmt.msc - Computer
management
devmgmt.msc - Device manager
diskmgmt.msc - Disk management dfrg.msc - Disk defrag
eventvwr.msc - Event viewer
fsmgmt.msc - Shared folders
gpedit.msc - Group policies
lusrmgr.msc - Local users and groups
perfmon.msc - Performance monitor rsop.msc - Resultant set of policies
secpol.msc - Local security settings
services.msc - Various Services
msconfig - System Configuration Utility
regedit - Registry Editor
msinfo32 _ System Information sysedit _ System Edit
win.ini _ windows loading information
(also system.ini)
winver _ Shows current version of
windows
mailto: _ Opens default email client command _ Opens command prompt

Add/Remove Programs control
appwiz.cpl
Date/Time Properties control
timedate.cpl
Display Properties control desk.cpl
FindFast control findfast.cpl Fonts Folder control fonts
Internet Properties control inetcpl.cpl
Keyboard Properties control main.cpl
keyboard
Mouse Properties control main.cpl
Multimedia Properties control mmsys.cpl
Network Properties control netcpl.cpl
Password Properties control
password.cpl
Printers Folder control printers
Sound Properties control mmsys.cpl sounds
System Properties control sysdm.cpl

CODE ANSI.SYS Defines functions that change
display graphics, control cursor
movement, and reassign keys.
APPEND Causes MS-DOS to look in
other directories when editing a file or
running a command. ARP Displays, adds, and removes arp
information from network devices.
ASSIGN Assign a drive letter to an
alternate letter.
ASSOC View the file associations.
AT Schedule a time to execute commands or programs.
ATMADM Lists connections and
addresses seen by Windows ATM call
manager.
ATTRIB Display and change file
attributes. BATCH Recovery console command
that executes a series of commands in
a file.
BOOTCFG Recovery console command
that allows a user to view, modify, and
rebuild the boot.ini BREAK Enable / disable CTRL + C
feature.
CACLS View and modify file ACL's.
CALL Calls a batch file from another
batch file.
CD Changes directories. CHCP Supplement the International
keyboard and character set
information.
CHDIR Changes directories.
CHKDSK Check the hard disk drive
running FAT for errors. CHKNTFS Check the hard disk drive
running NTFS for errors.
CHOICE Specify a listing of multiple
options within a batch file.
CLS Clears the screen.
CMD Opens the command interpreter. COLOR Easily change the foreground
and background color of the MS-DOS
window.
COMP Compares files.
COMPACT Compresses and
uncompress files. CONTROL Open control panel icons
from the MS-DOS prompt.
CONVERT Convert FAT to NTFS.
COPY Copy one or more files to an
alternate location.
CTTY Change the computers input/ output devices.
DATE View or change the systems
date.
DEBUG Debug utility to create assembly
programs to modify hardware
settings. DEFRAG Re-arrange the hard disk
drive to help with loading programs.
DEL Deletes one or more files.
DELETE Recovery console command
that deletes a file.
DELTREE Deletes one or more files and/ or directories.
DIR List the contents of one or more
directory.
DISABLE Recovery console command
that disables Windows system services
or drivers. DISKCOMP Compare a disk with
another disk.
DISKCOPY Copy the contents of one
disk and place them on another disk.
DOSKEY Command to view and
execute commands that have been run in the past.
DOSSHELL A GUI to help with early MS-
DOS users.
DRIVPARM Enables overwrite of
original device drivers.
ECHO Displays messages and enables and disables echo.
EDIT View and edit files.
EDLIN View and edit files.
EMM386 Load extended Memory
Manager.
ENABLE Recovery console command to enable a disable service or driver.
ENDLOCAL Stops the localization of the
environment changes enabled by the
setlocal command.
ERASE Erase files from computer.
EXIT Exit from the command interpreter.
EXPAND Expand a M*cros*ft Windows
file back to it's original format.
EXTRACT Extract files from the
M*cros*ft Windows cabinets.
FASTHELP Displays a listing of MS-DOS commands and information about
them.
FC Compare files.
FDISK Utility used to create partitions
on the hard disk drive.
FIND Search for text within a file. FINDSTR Searches for a string of text
within a file.
FIXBOOT Writes a new boot sector.
FIXMBR Writes a new boot record to a
disk drive.
FOR Boolean used in batch files. FORMAT Command to erase and
prepare a disk drive.
FTP Command to connect and operate
on a FTP server.
FTYPE Displays or modifies file types
used in file extension associations. GOTO Moves a batch file to a specific
label or location.
GRAFTABL Show extended characters
in graphics mode.
HELP Display a listing of commands
and brief explanation. IF Allows for batch files to perform
conditional processing.
IFSHLP.SYS 32-bit file manager.
IPCONFIG Network command to view
network adapter settings and
assigned values. KEYB Change layout of keyboard.
LABEL Change the label of a disk drive.
LH Load a device driver in to high
memory.
LISTSVC Recovery console command
that displays the services and drivers. LOADFIX Load a program above the
first 64k.
LOADHIGH Load a device driver in to
high memory.
LOCK Lock the hard disk drive.
LOGON Recovery console command to list installations and enable
administrator login.
MAP Displays the device name of a
drive.
MD Command to create a new
directory. MEM Display memory on system.
MKDIR Command to create a new
directory.
MODE Modify the port or display
settings.
MORE Display one page at a time. MOVE Move one or more files from one
directory to another directory.
MSAV Early M*cros*ft Virus scanner.
MSD Diagnostics utility.
MSCDEX Utility used to load and
provide access to the CD-ROM. NBTSTAT Displays protocol statistics
and current TCP/IP connections using
NBT
NET Update, fix, or view the network
or network settings
NETSH Configure dynamic and static network information from MS-DOS.
NETSTAT Display the TCP/IP network
protocol statistics and information.
NLSFUNC Load country specific
information.
NSLOOKUP Look up an IP address of a domain or host on a network.
PATH View and modify the computers
path location.
PATHPING View and locate locations of
network latency.
PAUSE Command used in batch files to stop the processing of a command.
PING Test / send information to
another network computer or
network device.
POPD Changes to the directory or
network path stored by the pushd command.
POWER Conserve power with
computer portables.
PRINT Prints data to a printer port.
PROMPT View and change the MS-DOS
prompt. PUSHD Stores a directory or network
path in memory so it can be returned
to at any time.
QBASIC Open the QBasic.
RD Removes an empty directory.
REN Renames a file or directory. RENAME Renames a file or directory.
RMDIR Removes an empty directory.
ROUTE View and configure windows
network route tables.
RUNAS Enables a user to execute a
program on another computer. SCANDISK Run the scandisk utility.
SCANREG Scan registry and recover
registry from errors.
SET Change one variable or string to
another.
SETLOCAL Enables local environments to be changed without affecting
anything else.
SETVER Change MS-DOS version to trick
older MS-DOS programs.
SHARE Installs support for file sharing
and locking capabilities. SHIFT Changes the position of
replaceable parameters in a batch
program.
SHUTDOWN Shutdown the computer
from the MS-DOS prompt.
SMARTDRV Create a disk cache in conventional memory or extended
memory.
SORT Sorts the input and displays the
output to the screen.
START Start a separate window in
Windows from the MS-DOS prompt. SUBST Substitute a folder on your
computer for another drive letter.
SWITCHES Remove add functions from
MS-DOS.
SYS Transfer system files to disk drive.
TELNET Telnet to another computer / device from the prompt.
TIME View or modify the system time.
TITLE Change the title of their MS-DOS
window.
TRACERT Visually view a network
packets route across a network. TREE View a visual tree of the hard
disk drive.
TYPE Display the contents of a file.
UNDELETE Undelete a file that has been
deleted.
UNFORMAT Unformat a hard disk drive. UNLOCK Unlock a disk drive.
VER Display the version information.
VERIFY Enables or disables the feature
to determine if files have been written
properly.
VOL Displays the volume information about the designated drive.
XCOPY Copy multiple files, directories,
and/or drives from one location to
another.
TRUENAME When placed before a file,
will display the whole directory in which it exists
TASKKILL It allows you to kill those
unneeded or locked up applications

CODE ANSI.SYS Defines functions that change
display graphics, control cursor
movement, and reassign keys.
APPEND Causes MS-DOS to look in
other directories when editing a file or
running a command. ARP Displays, adds, and removes arp
information from network devices.
ASSIGN Assign a drive letter to an
alternate letter.
ASSOC View the file associations.
AT Schedule a time to execute commands or programs.
ATMADM Lists connections and
addresses seen by Windows ATM call
manager.
ATTRIB Display and change file
attributes. BATCH Recovery console command
that executes a series of commands in
a file.
BOOTCFG Recovery console command
that allows a user to view, modify, and
rebuild the boot.ini BREAK Enable / disable CTRL + C
feature.
CACLS View and modify file ACL's.
CALL Calls a batch file from another
batch file.
CD Changes directories. CHCP Supplement the International
keyboard and character set
information.
CHDIR Changes directories.
CHKDSK Check the hard disk drive
running FAT for errors. CHKNTFS Check the hard disk drive
running NTFS for errors.
CHOICE Specify a listing of multiple
options within a batch file.
CLS Clears the screen.
CMD Opens the command interpreter. COLOR Easily change the foreground
and background color of the MS-DOS
window.
COMP Compares files.
COMPACT Compresses and
uncompress files. CONTROL Open control panel icons
from the MS-DOS prompt.
CONVERT Convert FAT to NTFS.
COPY Copy one or more files to an
alternate location.
CTTY Change the computers input/ output devices.
DATE View or change the systems
date.
DEBUG Debug utility to create assembly
programs to modify hardware
settings. DEFRAG Re-arrange the hard disk
drive to help with loading programs.
DEL Deletes one or more files.
DELETE Recovery console command
that deletes a file.
DELTREE Deletes one or more files and/ or directories.
DIR List the contents of one or more
directory.
DISABLE Recovery console command
that disables Windows system services
or drivers. DISKCOMP Compare a disk with
another disk.
DISKCOPY Copy the contents of one
disk and place them on another disk.
DOSKEY Command to view and
execute commands that have been run in the past.
DOSSHELL A GUI to help with early MS-
DOS users.
DRIVPARM Enables overwrite of
original device drivers.
ECHO Displays messages and enables and disables echo.
EDIT View and edit files.
EDLIN View and edit files.
EMM386 Load extended Memory
Manager.
ENABLE Recovery console command to enable a disable service or driver.
ENDLOCAL Stops the localization of the
environment changes enabled by the
setlocal command.
ERASE Erase files from computer.
EXIT Exit from the command interpreter.
EXPAND Expand a M*cros*ft Windows
file back to it's original format.
EXTRACT Extract files from the
M*cros*ft Windows cabinets.
FASTHELP Displays a listing of MS-DOS commands and information about
them.
FC Compare files.
FDISK Utility used to create partitions
on the hard disk drive.
FIND Search for text within a file. FINDSTR Searches for a string of text
within a file.
FIXBOOT Writes a new boot sector.
FIXMBR Writes a new boot record to a
disk drive.
FOR Boolean used in batch files. FORMAT Command to erase and
prepare a disk drive.
FTP Command to connect and operate
on a FTP server.
FTYPE Displays or modifies file types
used in file extension associations. GOTO Moves a batch file to a specific
label or location.
GRAFTABL Show extended characters
in graphics mode.
HELP Display a listing of commands
and brief explanation. IF Allows for batch files to perform
conditional processing.
IFSHLP.SYS 32-bit file manager.
IPCONFIG Network command to view
network adapter settings and
assigned values. KEYB Change layout of keyboard.
LABEL Change the label of a disk drive.
LH Load a device driver in to high
memory.
LISTSVC Recovery console command
that displays the services and drivers. LOADFIX Load a program above the
first 64k.
LOADHIGH Load a device driver in to
high memory.
LOCK Lock the hard disk drive.
LOGON Recovery console command to list installations and enable
administrator login.
MAP Displays the device name of a
drive.
MD Command to create a new
directory. MEM Display memory on system.
MKDIR Command to create a new
directory.
MODE Modify the port or display
settings.
MORE Display one page at a time. MOVE Move one or more files from one
directory to another directory.
MSAV Early M*cros*ft Virus scanner.
MSD Diagnostics utility.
MSCDEX Utility used to load and
provide access to the CD-ROM. NBTSTAT Displays protocol statistics
and current TCP/IP connections using
NBT
NET Update, fix, or view the network
or network settings
NETSH Configure dynamic and static network information from MS-DOS.
NETSTAT Display the TCP/IP network
protocol statistics and information.
NLSFUNC Load country specific
information.
NSLOOKUP Look up an IP address of a domain or host on a network.
PATH View and modify the computers
path location.
PATHPING View and locate locations of
network latency.
PAUSE Command used in batch files to stop the processing of a command.
PING Test / send information to
another network computer or
network device.
POPD Changes to the directory or
network path stored by the pushd command.
POWER Conserve power with
computer portables.
PRINT Prints data to a printer port.
PROMPT View and change the MS-DOS
prompt. PUSHD Stores a directory or network
path in memory so it can be returned
to at any time.
QBASIC Open the QBasic.
RD Removes an empty directory.
REN Renames a file or directory. RENAME Renames a file or directory.
RMDIR Removes an empty directory.
ROUTE View and configure windows
network route tables.
RUNAS Enables a user to execute a
program on another computer. SCANDISK Run the scandisk utility.
SCANREG Scan registry and recover
registry from errors.
SET Change one variable or string to
another.
SETLOCAL Enables local environments to be changed without affecting
anything else.
SETVER Change MS-DOS version to trick
older MS-DOS programs.
SHARE Installs support for file sharing
and locking capabilities. SHIFT Changes the position of
replaceable parameters in a batch
program.
SHUTDOWN Shutdown the computer
from the MS-DOS prompt.
SMARTDRV Create a disk cache in conventional memory or extended
memory.
SORT Sorts the input and displays the
output to the screen.
START Start a separate window in
Windows from the MS-DOS prompt. SUBST Substitute a folder on your
computer for another drive letter.
SWITCHES Remove add functions from
MS-DOS.
SYS Transfer system files to disk drive.
TELNET Telnet to another computer / device from the prompt.
TIME View or modify the system time.
TITLE Change the title of their MS-DOS
window.
TRACERT Visually view a network
packets route across a network. TREE View a visual tree of the hard
disk drive.
TYPE Display the contents of a file.
UNDELETE Undelete a file that has been
deleted.
UNFORMAT Unformat a hard disk drive. UNLOCK Unlock a disk drive.
VER Display the version information.
VERIFY Enables or disables the feature
to determine if files have been written
properly.
VOL Displays the volume information about the designated drive.
XCOPY Copy multiple files, directories,
and/or drives from one location to
another.
TRUENAME When placed before a file,
will display the whole directory in which it exists
TASKKILL It allows you to kill those
unneeded or locked up applications

ANSI.SYS Defines functions that change
display graphics, control cursor
movement, and reassign keys.
APPEND Causes MS-DOS to look in
other directories when editing a file or
running a command. ARP Displays, adds, and removes arp
information from network devices.
ASSIGN Assign a drive letter to an
alternate letter.
ASSOC View the file associations.
AT Schedule a time to execute commands or programs.
ATMADM Lists connections and
addresses seen by Windows ATM call
manager.
ATTRIB Display and change file
attributes. BATCH Recovery console command
that executes a series of commands in
a file.
BOOTCFG Recovery console command
that allows a user to view, modify, and
rebuild the boot.ini BREAK Enable / disable CTRL + C
feature.
CACLS View and modify file ACL's.
CALL Calls a batch file from another
batch file.
CD Changes directories. CHCP Supplement the International
keyboard and character set
information.
CHDIR Changes directories.
CHKDSK Check the hard disk drive
running FAT for errors. CHKNTFS Check the hard disk drive
running NTFS for errors.
CHOICE Specify a listing of multiple
options within a batch file.
CLS Clears the screen.
CMD Opens the command interpreter. COLOR Easily change the foreground
and background color of the MS-DOS
window.
COMP Compares files.
COMPACT Compresses and
uncompress files.