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Subject : HTTP
HTTP
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) works with the World Wide Web, which is the fastest growing and most used part of the Internet. One of the main reasons for the extraordinary growth of the Web is the ease in which it allows access to information. A Web browser (along with all the other network applications covered in this chapter) is a client-server application, which means that it requires both a client and a server component in order to function. A Web browser presents data in multimedia formats on Web pages that use text, graphics, sound, and video. The Web pages are created with a format language called Hypertext Markup Language (HTML). HTML directs a Web browser on a particular Web page to produce the appearance of the page in a specific manner. In addition, HTML specifies locations for the placement of text, files, and objects that are to be transferred from the Web server to the Web browser.
Hyperlinks make the World Wide Web easy to navigate. A hyperlink is an object (word, phrase, or picture) on a Web page that, when clicked, transfers you to a new Web page. The Web page contains (often, hidden within its HTML description) an address location known as a Uniform Resource Locator (URL).
In the following example, the "http://" tells the browser which protocol to use. The second part, "www", tells the browser what type of resource it wishes to contact. The third part, "cisco.com," identifies the domain of the Web server IP address. The last part, "edu" identifies the specific folder location (on the server) that contains the Web page.
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